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Tungsten Fasteners
Tungsten fasteners are known for their extreme high density; because of this unique attribute, they are often used for balancing rotating parts. Tungsten’s high mass also makes these fasteners radiopaque. This allows tungsten fasteners to block radiation and show up well on x-rays – even better than lead. Another unique attribute of tungsten is its extrmely high melting point of 3420°C. The high temperature stability of tungsten fasteners make them ideal for some of the hottest vacuum furnace environments. Beyond their high mass and temperature stability, tungsten fasteners are also very corrosion resistant.
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Tungsten fasteners are usually made from tungsten alloys per ASTM B777, and range from 90% to 97% pure tungsten, alloyed with nickel and copper or nickel and iron. Fasteners can also be made from Commercially Pure (CP) Tungsten. -
Titanium Fasteners
Titanium fasteners are best known for being strong, lightweight, and corrosion resistant. They are critical to many industries including chlor alkali, marine, off-shore oil & gas, desalination, medical, and pulp and paper. Grade 2 and 5 are the most commonly used grades of titanium screws:
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• Grade 2 (UNS R50400 / 3.7035) :Commercially pure titanium and the most common grade for screws.
• Grade 5 (UNS R56400 / 3.7165): Superior strength-to-weight ratio for a unique combination of corrosion and high strength. -
Nitronic Fasteners
Nitronic is a high strength austenitic steel alloy that was designed for high temperature use. It offers good high temperature properties as well as good low-temperature impact resistance. In addition, Nitronic bolts also offer nearly double the yield strength of 300 series stainless steel. Nitronic fasteners are available in two alloy variations, Nitronic 50 and Nitronic 60, each offering different niche capabilities.
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Nimonic Fasteners
Nimonic fasteners are best known for their high temperature, low-creep attributes. They are comprised primarily of nickel and chromium – typically more than 50% nickel and 20% chromium – along with other additive such as titanium and aluminum. Due to their ability to withstand extreme temperatures and pressure, they are often used in aircraft parts and gas turbine exhaust applications as well as high temperature furnace applications. Nimonic fasteners are available in two different alloy grades with slightly different capabilities.
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Nickel 200 Fasteners
Nickel 200 (2.4060) fasteners are made from commercially pure nickel and are best known for their excellent performance in caustic alkali solutions such as caustic soda (NaOH). Nickel 200 also exhibits good performance in acids, especially HF (Hydrofluoric Acid - anhydrous) and hydroxides – but can be attacked by common solutions of hydrochloric or sulfuric acids.
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MP159 Fasteners
As aerospace engineering advances, so must the materials to meet the technological requirements of this industry. Fasteners made from MP159 have been developed to provide a solution to high temperature, high strength components. MP159 fasteners offer strength capabilities similar to other Cobalt Alloys (MP35N) but can be used at much higher temperatures - up to 1100°F, compared to MP35N’s usable limit of 800F. In addition, MP159, can be used beyond 1100°F in short term situations.
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Monel Fasteners
Monel® fasteners, like Monel 400 and K500, are made from a nickel-copper alloy and exhibit high strength, toughness and good corrosion resistance over a wide temperature range from cryogenic up to 1000°F. An outstanding characteristic of Monel fasteners is that they offer exceptional resistance to hydrofluoric acid, a particularly tough acid to deal with, in all concentrations up to the boiling point. For hydrofluoric acid applications Monel fasteners are perhaps the most resistant of all commonly used specialty alloys.
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Monel alloy 400 & K500 fasteners also exhibit excellent corrosion resistance in marine applications and have reasonable corrosion resistance to sulfuric and hydrochloric acids under reducing conditions.
Because of these characteristics, Monel fasteners are often found in marine and chemical processing applications. -
Molybdenum Fasteners
Molybdenum fasteners possesses a very high melting point of 2620°C, a low coefficient of thermal expansion and a high level of thermal conductivity. Because molybdenum fasteners have the ability to withstand extremely high temperatures without changing shape, expanding or softening significantly, they are ideal for high strength / high temperature applications that are shielded from oxygen. Exposing molybdenum fastener to oxygen above 600°C will cause them to readily oxidize.
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As a result, molybdenum fasteners find their way into high temperature vacuum furnaces, glass production, military and space applications where oxygen is not present. -
Inconel Fasteners
Inconel fasteners, like Inconel 600, 601, 625, 686, 718, 725 & X750 fasteners, are a family of nickel-chromium-molybdenum alloys used for their high strength at elevated temperatures and good corrosion resistance. Because of its high thermal stability, Inconel can be used in service temperatures ranging from cryogenic to 2200°F (982°C). The high alloy content of Inconel fasteners enable it to withstand a wide variety of severe corrosive environments. In mild environments, such as the atmosphere, sea water, neutral salts, and alkaline media, there is almost no attack to Inconel fasteners. In more severe corrosive environments the combination of nickel and chromium provides resistance to oxidizing chemicals, whereas the high nickel and molybdenum contents supply resistance to nonoxidizing environments.
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Because Inconel fasteners offer a good balance of corrosion resistance, temperature stability, toughness and strength they are often a material of choice for chemical processing, aerospace, marine, electronics and oil & gas.
Because Inconel fasteners offer a good balance of corrosion resistance, temperature stability, toughness and strength they are often a material of choice for chemical processing, aerospace, marine, electronics and oil & gas.
